What is a chargeback? A restaurant owner's guide
A chargeback is a forced card reversal when a customer disputes a charge with their bank. Here is how it works, how it differs from a refund, and how to prevent and win disputes.
Plate cost and target food cost in, suggested price, gross profit and charm price out
Short answer: to price a dish from its cost, divide the plate cost by your target food cost percentage written as a decimal. A dish that costs $3.50 to make, priced to a 30 percent food cost, is 3.50 divided by 0.30, which is about $11.67, rounded to a charm price of $11.95. The calculator below does this instantly and shows the gross profit and a rounded price. The rest of this guide covers how to pick the target, when to break the rule, and the pricing mistakes that quietly cost you margin.

Enter what the dish costs you to make (ingredients per serve) and the food cost percentage you want to hit. A target of 30 percent is a common starting point. The calculator returns the exact price, a rounded charm price, and the gross profit each sale puts in the till.
The multiplier the calculator shows is the shortcut worth memorising. A 30 percent target is a 3.3 times multiplier, a 33 percent target is roughly 3.0 times, and a 25 percent target is 4.0 times. Once you know your target, you can price a new dish in your head at the pass. For the raw plate-costing that feeds this, see how to calculate food cost and the deeper food cost calculator.
A target of 28 to 35 percent is the usual band, but the right number is a blended average across the whole menu rather than a rule for every dish. Different categories can and should run different food costs, because guests have different price expectations for a cocktail than for a steak.
| Category | Typical food cost | Multiplier | Why |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drinks and coffee | 15% to 25% | 4.0x to 6.7x | Low ingredient cost, high perceived value. |
| Sides and starters | 25% to 30% | 3.3x to 4.0x | Cheap to produce, easy add-on margin. |
| Mains and mid-menu | 30% to 35% | 2.9x to 3.3x | The bulk of the menu; the blended anchor. |
| Premium proteins | 35% to 40% | 2.5x to 2.9x | Expensive inputs; price ceiling limits markup. |
| Desserts | 20% to 30% | 3.3x to 5.0x | Low cost, strong impulse and margin. |
Set a healthy blended target, then let drinks and sides run rich to carry the premium proteins that cannot. That balance is the difference between a menu that looks priced correctly and one that actually makes money.
Say a pasta dish costs $4.20 in ingredients and you target a 30 percent food cost. Divide 4.20 by 0.30 and the exact price is $14.00. Round to a charm price of $13.95, and the food cost creeps to 30.1 percent, near enough to target, while the gross profit is $9.75 per plate. Now compare it to a side salad that costs $1.10 to make.
| Dish | Plate cost | Target food cost | Menu price | Gross profit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pasta main | $4.20 | 30% | $13.95 | $9.75 |
| Side salad | $1.10 | 25% | $3.95 | $2.85 |
| Flat white | $0.75 | 15% | $4.95 | $4.20 |
Notice the flat white runs the lowest food cost and the pasta the highest, yet the pasta contributes the most cash per sale. That tension between percentage and dollars is exactly why you should not price every dish to the same number. It is also why the smartest menus push the high-contribution items with placement and description, which is the heart of menu engineering.
The calculator gives you a floor grounded in cost. Before it goes on the menu, run the number past three quick checks so the price fits the room, not just the spreadsheet.
For labour-heavy dishes, sanity-check the contribution margin rather than trusting the food cost percentage alone, because a dish can look cheap on ingredients and still barely pay for the hands that make it.
How do you calculate a menu price from food cost?
Divide the plate cost by your target food cost percentage expressed as a decimal. If a dish costs $3.50 to make and you want a 30 percent food cost, divide 3.50 by 0.30 to get a menu price of about $11.67, which you would then round to a sensible charm price like $11.95. This multiplier method is the fast, reliable starting point for pricing, and the calculator on this page does it for you. Treat the result as a floor to refine, not a final answer, because perceived value and the price of nearby items on the menu also matter.
What is a good food cost percentage to target?
Most restaurants target a food cost of roughly 28 to 35 percent of the menu price, which means a food-cost multiplier of about 2.9 to 3.6 times the plate cost. Lower-labour items like drinks and sides can carry a much lower food cost and higher margin, while premium proteins often sit at the top of the range because guests will only pay so much. The right target is the blended number across your whole menu, not the same figure forced onto every dish. Aim for a healthy average and let some items run richer and others leaner.
Should every dish have the same food cost percentage?
No, and forcing it usually leaves money on the table. What matters is the total contribution each dish makes, not its percentage. A burger at 35 percent food cost that sells 200 a week can contribute far more real cash than a 22 percent side that barely moves. Price for a healthy blended food cost across the menu, then use menu engineering to push the high-contribution items. Chasing a low percentage on every single line item is one of the most common and costly pricing mistakes.
What is charm pricing and does it work?
Charm pricing is ending a price just below a round number, such as $11.95 instead of $12, because the left digit anchors the perceived value lower. It is widely used because it tends to lift conversion on price-sensitive items without meaningfully hurting revenue per sale. Some upscale venues deliberately drop the cents entirely, writing 24 instead of 23.95, to signal quality and reduce price focus. Pick the convention that matches your positioning and apply it consistently, because a mixed bag of price formats looks careless.
How often should I reprice my menu?
Review pricing whenever key ingredient costs move materially, and do a full menu review at least twice a year. Food costs drift constantly, so a price set 12 months ago against cheaper ingredients may now be running a food cost several points higher than you think. Re-cost your top-selling and most ingredient-heavy dishes first, since they move your blended number the most. A live link between your recipe costs and your menu, rather than an annual spreadsheet, makes this a small routine instead of a painful project.
Do I include labour in the menu price calculation?
The multiplier method prices off food cost alone, which is deliberate: it is a fast, consistent starting point. Labour, rent and overheads are covered by the gross profit that the multiplier builds in, and you manage those through your overall prime cost and profit-and-loss rather than dish by dish. For labour-intensive dishes, either nudge the target food cost lower so the price rises, or check the contribution margin to confirm the dish still pays for the work it takes. Price on food cost first, then sanity-check the labour-heavy items separately.
Storefront, orders, kitchen, CRM and marketing in one place. Start free in a couple of minutes, no card needed. Pop in your email and we'll take you straight to setup.
Storefront, POS, kitchen, CRM, marketing. One login, one bill. NZ$1/month for the first 3 months.
Start free trial